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(a) The surface of a runway must be constructed without irregularities that would impair the runway surface friction characteristics or otherwise adversely affect the take-off or landing of an aeroplane.
(b) A paved runway must be so constructed or resurfaced as to provide friction characteristics at or above the minimum friction level specified by the Director.
A runway and any associated stopways must be included in a strip.
A strip must extend before the threshold and beyond the end of the paved runway or stopway for a distance of at least—
(1) 60 m where the aerodrome reference code number in Table B1 is 3 or 4; or
(2) 30 m where the aerodrome reference code number in Table B1 is 2; or
(3) 10 m where the aerodrome reference code number in Table B1 is 1.
A strip must extend laterally on each side of the centre line of the runway and its extended centre line throughout the length of the strip to the minimum distance determined in Table C-1.
| Aerodrome Reference Code Number | Runway Type | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| 3 or 4 | Precision approach | 150 m |
| 3 or 4 | Non-precision instrument approach | 75 m |
| 3 or 4 | Non-instrument approach | 75 m |
| 1 or 2 | Precision approach | 75 m |
| 1 or 2 | Non-precision instrument approach | 75 m |
| 2 | Non-instrument approach | 40 m |
| 1 | Non-instrument approach | 30 m |
(a) No fixed object, other than visual aids required for air navigation purposes and satisfying the relevant frangibility requirements must be permitted on a runway strip—
(1) within 77.5 m of the runway centre line of a precision approach runway category I, II or III where in Table B-1 of Appendix B, the code number is 4 and the code letter is F; or
(2) within 60 m of the runway centre line of a precision approach runway category I, II or III wherein Table B-1 of Appendix B, the code number is 3 or 4; or
(3) within 45 m of the runway centre line of a precision approach runway category I where in Table B-1 of Appendix B, the code number is 1 or 2.
(b) No mobile object must be permitted on those parts of the runway strip as defined in paragraph (a) during use of the runway for landing or take-off.
The surface of that portion of a strip that abuts a runway, shoulder or stopway must be flush with the surface of the runway, shoulder or stopway.
Where the end of a runway is not served by a taxiway or a taxiway turnaround and where in Table B-1 of Appendix B the code letter is D, E or F, a runway turn pad must be provided to facilitate a 180-degree turn of aeroplanes.
The design of a runway turn pad must be such that, when the cockpit of the aeroplane for which the turn pad is intended remains over the turn pad marking, the clearance distance between any wheel of the aeroplane landing gear and the edge of the turn pad must be not less than 4.5 m.
The surface of a runway turn pad must not have surface irregularities that may cause damage to an aeroplane using the turn pad.
A stopway must have the same width as the runway with which it is associated.
The design of a taxiway for an aerodrome that is referred to in rule 139.5(aa) must be such that, when the cockpit of an aeroplane for which the taxiway is intended remains over the taxiway centre line markings, the clearance distance between the outer main wheel of the aeroplane and the edge of the taxiway must not be less than determined in Table C-2 below:
| Code Letter | Clearance |
|---|---|
| A | 1.5 m |
| B | 2.25 m |
| C | 3 m if the taxiway is intended to be used by aeroplanes with a wheel base less than 18 m; or |
| 4.5 m if the taxiway is intended to be used by aeroplanes with a wheel base equal to or greater than 18 m | |
| D | 4.5 m |
| E | 4.5 m |
| F | 4.5 m |
Note: Wheel base means the distance from the centre of the nose gear to the
geometric centre of the main gear.
The width of that portion of a taxiway bridge capable of supporting aeroplanes, as measured perpendicularly to the taxiway centre line, must not be less than the width of the graded area of the strip provided for that taxiway, unless a proven method of lateral restraint is provided which must not be hazardous for aeroplanes for which the taxiway is intended.
A taxiway, other than an aircraft stand taxilane, must be included in a strip.
(a) A runway-holding position must be established—
(1) on the taxiway, at the intersection of a taxiway and a runway; and
(2) at an intersection of a runway with another runway when the former runway is part of a standard taxi-route.
(b) A runway-holding position must be established on a taxiway if the location or alignment of the taxiway is such that a taxiing aircraft or vehicle can infringe an obstacle limitation surface or interfere with the operation of radio navigation aids.
(c) A road-holding position must be established at an intersection of a road with a runway.
