1 |
Gagne, RM, and Driscoll, MP (1988). Essentials of learning for instruction. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. |
2 |
Wittrock, MC (1988). A constructive review of research on learning strategies. In CE Weinstein, ET Goetz and PA Alexander (Eds.), Learning and study strategies (p287-297). New York: Academic Press. |
3 |
Dewey, J (1938). Experience and education. New York: Macmillan. |
4 |
McKeachie, WJ (1988). The need for study strategy training. In CE Weinstein, ET Goetz and PA Alexander (Eds.), Learning and study strategies (p3-9). New York: Academic Press. |
5 |
Craik, FIM and Lockhart, RS (1993). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. In PE Morris and MA Conway (Eds.), The psychology of memory, Vol. 1. (p268-281). Cambridge: University Press. |
6 |
Wickelgren, WA (1981). Human learning and memory. Annual review of Psychology, 32 21-52. |
7 |
Elshaw, C (1993). Preparing better flight instructors. In RA Telfer (Ed.), Aviation instruction and training (p253-270). Hants: Ashgate. |
8 |
Gagne, RM (1971). The conditions of learning. (2nd ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. |
9 |
McCombs, BL (1988). Motivational skills training: Combining metacognitive, cognitive, and affective learning strategies. In CE Weinstein, ET Goetz and PA Alexander (Eds.), Learning and study strategies (p141-169). New York: Academic press. |
10 |
Reynolds, JH, and Glasser, R (1964). Effects of repetition and spaced review upon retention of a complex learning task. Journal of Educational Psychology, 55 297-308. |
11 |
Gaudry, E and Spielberger, CD (1971). Anxiety and educational achievement. Sydney: John Wiley and Sons. |
12 |
Hawkins, FH (1993). Human factors in flight. (2nd ed.). Edited by H Orlady. Hants: Ashgate. |
13 |
Maslow, AH (1970). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper and Row. |
14 |
Telfer, RA (Ed.). (1993). Aviation instruction and training. Hants: Ashgate. |
15 |
Gagne, RM, and Glaser, R (1987). Foundations in learning research. In RM Gagne (Ed.) Instructional technology: Foundations (p49-83). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. |
16 |
Fitts, PM, and Posner, MI (1967). Human performance. Monterey: Brooks/Cole. |
17 |
Ausubel, DP (1968). Educational psychology: A cognitive view. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. |
18 |
Howe, MJA (1987). Using cognitive psychology to help students learn how to learn. In Richardson, Eysenck and Piper (Eds.), Student learning: Research in education and cognitive psychology. Milton Keynes: The Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press. |
19 |
Salomon, G (1981). Communication and education: Social and psychological interactions. California: Sage. |
20 |
Sligo, FX (1988). Effective communication in business. Palmerston North: Software Technology. |
21 |
Tagiuri, R (1974). Effective communication. Harvard: Harvard Business Review Reprint Series. |
22 |
Reigeluth, CM (1983). Meaningfulness and instruction: Relating what is being learned to what a student knows. Instructional Science, 12 197-218. |
23 |
Anderson, RC, Reynolds, RE, Schallert, DL, and Goetz, ET (1977). Frameworks for comprehending discourse. American Educational Research Journal, 14 367-381. |
24 |
Fleming, ML (1987). Displays and communication. In RM Gagne (Ed.), Instructional technology: Foundations (p233-260). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. |
25 |
Cannon, R (1992). Lecturing. (2nd ed.). Campbelltown: HERDSA. |
26 |
Mager, RF (1984). Preparing instructional objectives. (2nd ed.). Belmont: David S Lake. |
27 |
Popham, WJ, and Baker, EL (1970). Planning an instructional sequence, and Systematic instruction. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. |
28 |
Yelon, SL (1991). Writing and using instructional objectives. In LJ Briggs, KL Gustafson and MH Tillman (Eds.), Instructional design: Principles and applications. (2nd ed.). (p75-121). Englewood Cliffs: Educational Technology. |
29 |
Mayer, RE (1979). Can advance organisers influence meaningful learning? Review of Educational Research, 49 371-383. |
30 |
Gagne, RM, and Briggs, LJ (1979). Principles of instructional design. (2nd ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. |
31 |
Okey, JR (1991). Procedures of lesson design. In L.J. Briggs, K.L. Gustafson and M.H. Tillman (Eds.), Instructional design: Principles and applications. (2nd ed.). (pp.193-208). Englewood Cliffs: Educational Technology. |
32 |
Telfer, RA and Biggs, J (1988). The psychology of flight training. Ames: Iowa State University Press. |
33 |
Gibbs, G, Habeshaw, S, and Habeshaw, T (1988). 53 Interesting things to do in your lectures. (3rd ed.). Bristol: Technical and Educational Services. |
34 |
Merrill, PF (1987). Job and task analysis. In RM Gagne (Ed.), Instructional technology: Foundations (p141-173). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. |
35 |
McLeish, J (1968). The lecture method. Cambridge: Heffers. |
36 |
Knowles, MS (1980). The modern practice of adult education: From pedagogy to andragogy. Chicago: Follett Publishing. |
37 |
Brown, G, and Atkins, M (1991). Effective teaching in higher education. London: Routledge. |
38 |
Hall, KA (1983). Content structuring and question asking for computer-based education. Journal of Computer-Based Instruction, 10 1-7. |
39 |
Mager, RF (1968). Developing attitude toward learning. Belmont: David S Lake. |
40 |
Anderson, RC, and Faust, GW (1973). Educational psychology: The science of instruction and learning. New York: Dodd, Mead. |
41 |
Gagne, RM, Wager, W, and Rojas, A (1991). Planning and authoring computer-assisted instruction lessons. In LJ Briggs, KL Gustafson and MH Tillman (Eds.), Instructional design: Principles and applications. (2nd ed.). (p211-226). Englewood Cliffs: Educational Technology. |
42 |
George, FH (1970). Educational technology: The systems approach and cybernetics. In AJ Romiszowski (Ed.), A systems approach to education and training (p22-33). London: Kogan Page. |
43 |
Skinner, BF (1968). The technology of teaching. New York: Meredith. |
44 |
Skinner, BF (1958). Teaching machines. Science, 128, p969-977. |
45 |
Baker, EL, and O'Neil, HF, Jr (1987). Assessing instructional outcomes. In RM Gagne (Ed.), Instructional technology: Foundations. (p343-377). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. |
46 |
Tuckman, BW (1985). Evaluating instructional programs. (2nd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon. |
47 |
Gronlund, NE, and Linn, RL (1990). Measurement and evaluation in teaching. (6th ed.). New York: Macmillan. |
48 |
Cronbach, LJ (1980). Toward reform of program evaluation. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. |
49 |
Tuckman, BW (1988). Testing for teachers. (2nd ed.). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. |
50 |
Voegel, GH (Ed.). (1986). Instructional technology mix: Some considerations. In, Advances in instructional technology (p73-82). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. |
51 |
Berlyne, DE (1970). Attention as a problem in behaviour theory. In DI Mostofsky (Ed.), Attention: Contemporary theory and analysis. (p25-49). New York: Appleton- Century-Crofts. |
52 |
Levie, WH, and Lentz, R (1982). Effects of text illustrations: A review of research. Educational Communication and Technology Journal, 30 195-232. |
53 |
Salomon, G (1984). Television is ‘easy’ and print is ‘tough’: The differential investment of mental effort in learning as a function of perceptions and attributions. Journal of Educational Psychology, 76 647-658. |
54 |
DeCecco, JP, and Crawford, WR (1974). Psychology of learning and instruction: Educational psychology. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. |
55 |
Briggs, LJ, and Wager, WW (1981). Handbook of procedures for the design of instruction.Englewood Cliffs: Educational Technology. |
56 |
Bovy, RC (1981). Successful instructional methods: A cognitive information processing approach. Educational Communication and Technology Journal, 29 203-217. |
57 |
Eysenck, MW (1984). A handbook of cognitive psychology. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. |
58 |
Wager, WW, and Gagne, RM (1987). Designing computer-aided instruction. In DH Jonassen (Ed.), Instructional designs for microcomputer courseware. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. |
59 |
Bunderson, CV, and Inouye, DK (1987). The evolution of computer-aided educational delivery systems. In RM Gagne (Ed.), Instructional technology: Foundations. (p283-318). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. |
60 |
Anandam, K (1986). Technology for education: Promises and problems. In GH Vogel (Ed.), Advances in instructional technology. (p65-72). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. |